Labor Immigration Law

The March 2010 Visa Bulletin was just released by the State Department.  The sixth visa bulletin for the fiscal year 2010 and the third for the calendar 2010 does not bring much movement.  There is some slow forward movement across most employment-based categories.   The most significant movement noted this month is in EB-3 ROW and EB-3 China (both move forward by 3 months).  EB-2 India and EB-3 India dates move forward only slightly.

Here is a summary of the March 2010 Visa Bulletin:

• EB-1 remains current across the board.
• EB-2 ROW remains current, EB-2 China moves forward by six (6) weeks to July 8, 2005, and EB-2 India, moves forward by only one (1) week to February 1, 2005.
• EB-3 ROW moves forward by almost three (3) months to December 15, 2002, EB-3 China moves forward by almost three (3) months also to December 15, 2002, while EB-3 India moves forward by only one (1) week to July 1, 2001.
• Other worker visa numbers remains unchanged at June 1, 2001.

The February 2010 Visa Bulletin was just released by the State Department.  The fifth visa bulletin for the fiscal year 2010 and the second for the calendar 2010 does not bring much movement.  There is no movement for India across all employment-based categories.   For many other categories, the only forward movement is in the 1-2 months range.  Here is a summary of the February 2010 Visa Bulletin:

• EB-1 remains current across the board.
• EB-2 ROW remains current, EB-2 China moves forward by three (3) weeks to May 22, 2005, and EB-2 India, again, remains unchanged at January 22, 2005.
• EB-3 ROW moves forward by almost two (2) months to September 22, 2002, EB-3 China moves forward by almost two (2) months also to September 22, 2002, while EB-3 India remains unchanged.
• Other worker visa numbers remains unchanged at June 1, 2001.

In a November 2009 AILA meeting, Mr. Charlie Oppenheim, who is Chief of the Immigrant Visa Control and Reporting Division at the Department of State (or also known as the person who determines the visa bulletin dates), has indicated some ways in which the visa bulletin numbers will move over the next few months.

Mr. Oppenheim’s Comments

Although there is no guarantee that Mr. Oppenheim’s comments to AILA would turn into reality, he has been very accurate and careful in his comments in the past.

EB-3 Worldwide (ROW).  Visa numbers are expected to progress to April-August 2005.  Such movement will be gradual and is expected to start in January or February of 2010.

EB-2 China and India.  Annual limits are expected to be reached no later than May.  It is possible that otherwise unused second preference numbers to be made available.  This makes the cut-off date for both EB-2 India and China to progress to October-December 2005.

EB-3 China.  It is expected to move along with EB-3 ROW over the next few months.  The fiscal year is expected to end with a June-September 2003 cut-off.

EB-3 India.  Very slow movement expected.  There are 58,000 pending applications and it is expected to move only  up to five (5) weeks over the entire fiscal year.

Our Conclusion

While there are some good news in this announcement, it becomes clear that some categories, especially EB-3 India, become very undesirable and we strongly recommend clients and readers who are in EB-3 India to consider either filing in EB-2, if possible, given education and experience.  Many EB-3 India applicants who have been waiting for 4-5 years already find themselves facing another 4-5 year wait.  As a result, we often see second EB-2 applications using the recently gained experience filed (often by switching employers) by retaining the earlier EB-3 priority date.  Please contact us if we can help you understand whether your case may qualify.

The January 2010 Visa Bulletin was just released by the State Department.  The fourth visa bulletin for the fiscal year 2010 and the first for the calendar 2010 does not bring much movement.  For many categories, the only forward movement is in the 1-2 months range.  Here is a summary of the January 2010 Visa Bulletin:

• EB-1 remains current across the board.
• EB-2 ROW remains current, EB-2 China moves forward by one (1) month to May 1, 2005, and EB-2 India remains unchanged at January 22, 2005.
• EB-3 ROW moves forward by two (2) months to August 1, 2002, EB-3 China moves forward by two (2) months to August 1, 2002, while EB-3 India moves forward by almost two (2) months to June 22, 2001.
• Other worker visa numbers remains unchanged at June 1, 2001, except for India which moves forward by one month to June 1, 2001.

The November 2009 Visa Bulletin was released by the State Department.  The second visa bulletin for the fiscal year 2010 does not bring much movement.  The slight forward movement can be observed in EB-2 and EB-3 China and in EB-3 India.  All other categories, including EB-3 Rest of World (ROW) remain unchanged.  Here is a summary of the November 2009 Visa Bulletin:

• EB-1 remains current across the board.
• EB-2 China moves forward by a week to April 1, 2005 while EB-2 ROW remains current and EB-2 India remains unchanged at January 22, 2005.
• EB-3 ROW remains unchanged at June 1, 2002, EB-3 China moves forward by three months to June 1, 2002, while EB-3 India moves forward by one week to April 22, 2001.
• Other worker visa numbers remains unchanged at June 1, 2001, except for India which moves forward by one week to April 22, 2001.

The October 2009 Visa Bulletin which is the first visa bulletin for the new FY2010 fiscal year was released earlier today by the State Department.   This October 2009 Visa Bulletin has been widely expected not only to see the EB-3 category go back to some availability of visas but also to use the movement in this month’s Visa Bulletin to gauge the level of visa numbers movements for this upcoming fiscal year.

EB-2 Numbers Indicate Minor Movement

The October 2009 Visa Bulletin dates suggest a minor forward movement as follows:

• EB-2 China moves forward by a little over two (2) months from January 8, 2005 to March 22, 2005;
• EB-2 India moves forward  by two (2) weeks from January 8, 2005 to January 22, 2005; and
• EB-2 Rest of World (“ROW”) remains current.

EB-3 Visas Are Available Although Forward Movement May Be Slow

As expected, the October 2009 Visa Bulletin brings a number of changes.  Most notably, the EB-3 category is no longer unavailable and the visa cut-off dates are as listed below.  We also provide the visa cut-off dates from the April 2009 Visa Bulletin which was the last time EB-3 visas were available.

• EB-3 China has a cut-off date of February 22, 2002 (compared to March 1, 2003 in the April 2009 Visa Bulletin);
• EB-3 India has a cut-off date of April 15, 2001 (compared to November 1, 2001 in the April 2009 Visa Bulletin);
• EB-3 ROW has a cut-off date of June 1, 2002 (compared to March 1, 2003 in the April 2009 Visa Bulletin).

We have included a comparison with the April 2009 EB-3 visa numbers to illustrate that even though the State Department has made EB-3 visas available, the fact that the government chose to set cut-off dates in October 2009 which are earlier than the April 2009 cut-off dates indicates that a slow movement in EB-3 over the 2009 fiscal year is to be expected.

EB-5 Is Unavailable

The EB-5 category is now unavailable.  This is due to the expiration of the EB-5 Pilot program on September 30, 2009, which means that no visas can be issued after September 30 under the EB-5 category until Congress extends it.  Once this happens, the visa availability is expected to become current.

The September 2009 Visa Bulletin was released by the State Department.  The only change, in comparison to the August 2009 Visa Bulletin, is the forward movement in the EB-2 China and India categories which changed from January 1, 2003 to January 8, 2005.  All other categories remain unchanged.  Here is a summary of the September 2009 Visa Bulletin:

• EB-1 remains current across the board.
• EB-2 remains unchanged for all categories except as noted above for EB-2 China and India:  EB-2 ROW (Rest of World) is current, EB-2 China and EB-2 India are January 8, 2005.
• EB-3 is unavailable for all categories.
• Other worker visa numbers are also unavailable.

Based on the last few visa bulletins, visa availability during the final quarter of the fiscal year is likely to remain very limited as some employment-based categories approach or have already reached their annual numerical limits.

The August 2009 Visa Bulletin was just released by the State Department.  The only change, in comparison to the July 2009 Visa Bulletin, is the forward movement in the EB-2 China and India categories which changed from January 1, 2000 to October 1, 2003 .  All other categories remain unchanged.  Here is a summary of the August 2009 Visa Bulletin:

• EB-1 remains current across the board.
• EB-2 remains unchanged for all categories except as noted above for EB-2 China and India:  EB-2 ROW (Rest of World) is current, EB-2 China and EB-2 India are October 1, 2003.
• EB-3 is unavailable for all categories.
• Other worker visa numbers are also unavailable.

In one of the comments to the August 2009 Visa Bulletin, the State Department notes that the retrogression of EB-2 China has been necessary to take into account the high demand of visa issuances so far this fiscal year.   As a result, visa availability during the final quarter of the fiscal year is likely to remain very limited as some employment-based categories approach or have already reached their annual numerical limits.

Donald Neufeld, in a Memorandum dated June 17, 2009 provides some guidance on the equivalency of foreign medical degrees for the purpose of qualifying for the EB-2 category.

A U.S. medical degree is obtained after completing a bachelor’s degree and as a result, a U.S. medical doctor degree is considered to be an advanced degree. In many other countries a person may be admitted to medical school directly out of high school. In these instances the program of study for the foreign medical degree is longer in length (generally 5-7 years in duration) than is required for a less specialized foreign bachelor’s degree (generally 3-4 years in duration.) In some countries the name of the degree is “Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery”, and the program of study may involve ONLY medicine, to include some limited basic sciences. A foreign medical degree may qualify as the equivalent of a U.S. MD degree and thus an advanced degree for EB2 purposes if, at the time of the filing of the labor certification application, the following two conditions are met:

1.  The alien beneficiary:

A. Has been awarded a foreign medical degree from a medical school that requires applicants to obtain a bachelor’s degree equivalent to a U.S. bachelor’s degree as a requirement for admission, or;

B. Has been awarded a foreign medical degree and a foreign education credential evaluation is provided that credibly describes how the foreign medical degree is equivalent to a medical degree obtained from an accredited medical school in the United States, or;

C. Has been awarded a foreign medical degree and has passed the National Board of Medical Examiners Examination (NBMEE) examination or an equivalent examination, such as the U.S. Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), Steps 1, 2 & 3,

2.  The alien beneficiary was fully eligible for the position described on the labor certification application, on the date that it was filed, by establishing that:

A. He or she had a full and unrestricted license to practice medicine in the state of intended employment and continues to hold such an unrestricted license, or;

B. His or her foreign medical degree is shown to meet the medical degree requirements to be eligible for full and unrestricted licensure specified by the medical board governing the place of intended employment.

The Neufeld memorandum further describes requirements for filing a petition for a foreign national holding a medical doctor degree.

After USCIS suspended temporarily the I-140 premium processing service on July 2, 2007, we have been constantly fielding questions on when the temporary suspension would end.  Over the past few weeks there was increased speculation that premium processing for Form I-140 would resume.   Earlier this week, USCIS confirmed that in fact premium processing for I-140 resumes effective June 29, 2009.

The main reason for the temporary suspension of the I-140 premium processing was the increased volume of I-140 applications in the summer of 2007.  USCIS has now determined that due to its backlog  reduction efforts, it can continue processing I-140s on expedited basis.

Not All I-140s Would Qualify – EB-1(c)  and EB-2 NIW Are Excluded

USCIS  has indicated that not all Form I-140 filings would qualify for premium processing.   The government will accept premium processing requests for Form I-140s involving EB-1 Aliens with Extraordinary Ability, EB-1 Outstanding Professors and Researchers, EB-2 Members of Professions with Advanced Degrees or Exceptional Ability not seeking a National Interest Waiver, EB-3 Professionals, EB-3 Skilled Workers, and EB-3 Workers other than Skilled Workers and Professionals.

Premium processing service is still not available for Form I-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker, involving EB-1 Multinational Executives and Managers and EB-2 Members of Professions with Advanced Degrees or Exceptional Ability seeking a National Interest Waiver.

Conclusion

With the reinstatement of premium processing for most I-140s, USCIS provides an important strategic tool for many employment-based green card applicants.  While premium processing for I-140 was available for holders of H-1B status who were in danger of “H-ing out”, the expanded scope of premium processing now allows many petitioners (and their respective beneficiaries) to speed up the I-140 process in order to gain advantage of H-1B 3-year renewal provisions or to generally speed up the processing of one’s green card application.

While upgrading a pending I-140 case to premium processing makes sense in some cases, it is not cost-justified in all cases.  We are happy to consult and help in evaluating the best course of action.